Women meet historic goal in 2024’s biggest films
Feb 12, 2025, updated Feb 12, 2025
Top-grossing films starring women have reached parity with those starring men, for the first time in recent Hollywood history.
Movies such as Wicked, Inside Out 2 and The Substance have lifted Hollywood’s theatrical releases to gender parity in leading roles in 2024.
Of the 100 top-grossing films in the United States in 2024, 42 per cent had female protagonists and 42 per cent had male protagonists, according to a report issued by the Centre for the Study of Women in Television and Film at San Diego State University.
The USC Annenberg Inclusion Initiative, which also released its annual study on Tuesday (US time), found that 54 per cent of the top 100 films at the box office in 2024 featured girls and women as protagonists. That’s a massive jump from just the year prior when 30 per cent of films featured women in lead roles.
In 2007, when the USC annual study began, that figure was just 20 per cent.
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“This is the first time we can say that gender equality has been reached in top-grossing films,” Stacy L Smith, founder of the Annenberg Inclusion Initiative, said.
“In 2024, three of the top five films had a girl or woman in a leading role, as did five of the top 10 films — including the No.1 film of the year, Disney’s Inside Out 2.
“We have always known that female-identified leads would make money. This is not the result of an economic awakening but is due to a number of different constituencies and efforts — at advocacy groups, at studios, through DEI initiatives — to assert the need for equality on screen.”
Centre for the Study of Women in Television and Film director Martha Lauzen said films such as The Substance had pushed back hard against a culture that considered women disposable.
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“While the number of films with female protagonists rose to a historic high in 2024 after a dismally lean 2023, the percentages of women in the more stable categories of major and speaking roles reflected only minor gains,” she said.
Universal Studios, which is led by Donna Langley, had the best record for female representation. In 2024, 66.7 per cent of Universal releases centred on girls and women, according to the Annenberg Inclusion Initiative.
Neither study captures the large number of films released directly on streaming platforms or those that fall outside the top 100 movies in theatres. But for decades, those top box-office films have offered a snapshot of a film industry that has long failed to come close to reflecting the demographics of American society.
That remains the case for underrepresented racial or ethnic groups, who account for roughly 42 per cent of the US population.
In the top 2024 films in 2024, 25 per cent had an underrepresented lead or co-lead, according to Annenberg. In those 25 movies, the lead or co-leads were 38. per cent black, 15.4 per cent Asian or Asian American and 3.9 per cent Hispanic.
That was a substantial decrease from 2023, when 37 leads or co-leads were people of colour.
“The progress we saw for female-identified leads was not matched by the findings for underrepresented leads,” Smith said.
“This downturn signifies a lack of investment in storytelling that reflects the audience as a whole. The reality is that audiences want to see stories about women and people of colour — studios and filmmakers do not have to choose between the two.”